No numbered W3C failure technique exists for this rule — it fails simply when the required feature/behavior is missing or inadequate (see the scenarios below).
learning hub
WCAG 2.2 Accessibility Scenario Learning Hub
A guided course for learning accessibility through realistic, industry-grounded product scenarios. Each scenario carries a unique real-world example, plain-language explanation, and a direct reference to the official WCAG 2.2 Understanding document.
219 scenarios
Module · Operable
2.4.5 — Multiple Ways
There must be at least two ways to find pages (menu + search, sitemap, index...).
Deep pages reachable only by drilling one navigation path — no search, no sitemap, no index/related links.
Site search exists but is broken/never indexes most pages (only nominal second way).
Sitemap link present but page is empty/outdated/missing sections.
Sequential-only flows applied to non-process pages (forcing paging through articles with no TOC/search).
Search results themselves unfindable except via search (dead-end architecture).
"Second way" exists only for desktop layout — mobile removes search/sitemap entirely.
Module · Operable
2.4.6 — Headings and Labels
Headings and labels must describe their content/purpose.
No numbered W3C failure technique exists for this rule — it fails simply when the required feature/behavior is missing or inadequate (see the scenarios below).
Generic headings: "Introduction / Section 1 / More info" that don't describe topic.
Repeated identical headings for different content ("Details", "Details", "Details").
Glossary
- Accessible name
- The short name assistive technology uses for a control — often from a label, aria-label, or associated text.
- Alt text (text alternative)
- The written description of an image that screen readers read aloud instead of the image.
- ARIA
- A set of HTML attributes that explain roles, names, and states to assistive technologies when native HTML is not enough.
- Assistive technology (AT)
- Tools people with disabilities use to operate software: screen readers, magnifiers, voice control, switch devices.
- Contrast ratio
- A measured difference between text (or a graphic) and what sits behind it; higher ratios are easier to see.
- Focus / keyboard focus
- The single element currently 'selected' by the keyboard — where Enter/Space/typing will act. Moved with Tab.
- Focus indicator
- The visible highlight that shows which element currently has keyboard focus.
- Focus order / tab order
- The sequence elements are reached when pressing Tab repeatedly.
- Keyboard trap
- A situation where keyboard focus moves into a component and cannot move out using standard keys.
- Landmark
- A page region such as banner, navigation, main, or contentinfo that screen-reader users can jump between.
- Live region / status role
- Markup (for example aria-live or role="status") that tells screen readers to announce updates without moving focus.
- Programmatically determinable
- Available in code so software — not only human eyes — can read the information reliably.
- Reading order
- The order assistive technology reads content, which follows the DOM sequence rather than pure visual placement.
- Screen reader
- Software such as NVDA, JAWS, VoiceOver, or TalkBack that speaks or brailles interface content and controls.
- Semantic markup
- Using HTML elements that match meaning (headings, lists, tables, buttons) instead of generic styled containers alone.
- Viewport
- The visible browser area. Reflow testing often uses about 320 CSS pixels of width.
Capstone audits
Practice spotting real issues (and ignoring correct implementations) in branded product flows.
PayEase
Audit This: PayEase — A peer-to-peer money transfer flow
9 checks · 7 fails · 2 passes
Start audit →QuickBite
Audit This: QuickBite — A food delivery app’s ordering flow
8 checks · 6 fails · 2 passes
Start audit →StreamPlay
Audit This: StreamPlay — A video streaming platform
8 checks · 6 fails · 2 passes
Start audit →JobLink
Audit This: JobLink — A job board’s search and application flow
8 checks · 6 fails · 2 passes
Start audit →MedConnect
Audit This: MedConnect — A patient portal’s appointment scheduler
8 checks · 6 fails · 2 passes
Start audit →StaySpot
Audit This: StaySpot — A hotel booking site’s room search and reservation flow
8 checks · 6 fails · 2 passes
Start audit →GreenCart
Audit This: GreenCart — A grocery delivery app’s browsing and cart
8 checks · 6 fails · 2 passes
Start audit →ChatterSocial
Audit This: ChatterSocial — A social media platform’s feed and profile settings
8 checks · 6 fails · 2 passes
Start audit →LearnHub
Audit This: LearnHub — An online course platform’s lesson player and quizzes
8 checks · 6 fails · 2 passes
Start audit →CoworkNow
Audit This: CoworkNow — A coworking-space booking app
8 checks · 6 fails · 2 passes
Start audit →Final exam
Comprehensive assessment
WCAG 2.2 Comprehensive Assessment
110 questions · pass at 80% · scored by WCAG principle with remediation links
Take the final exam