Glossary Terms

Design System Accessibility

Design system accessibility means building accessibility directly into a reusable component library (buttons, forms, modals, and so on) once, so every product team using the design system inherits accessible components by default.

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Digital Accessibility

Digital accessibility is the practice of designing and building websites, apps, and digital documents so that people with disabilities can perceive, navigate, and interact with them as effectively as everyone else.

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Digital Accessibility Budget

The dedicated funding an organization allocates for accessibility work, spanning audits, remediation, training, tooling, and ongoing monitoring, rather than treating it as an unfunded ad hoc expense.

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Digital Accessibility Policy

A digital accessibility policy is an organization's internal, written commitment to accessibility: the standard it follows, who is responsible for it, and how it gets checked before content and features ship.

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Digital Accessibility Risk Assessment

A digital accessibility risk assessment evaluates an organization's exposure to accessibility-related legal, financial, and reputational risk, typically combining a technical review of its digital properties with a look at its industry, jurisdiction, and past complaint history.

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Disclosure Widget

A WAI-ARIA design pattern for a control that shows or hides a section of content, such as an accordion panel or a details toggle, identified by an aria-expanded button.

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Document Accessibility

Accessibility applied to documents distributed outside the browser, such as Word files, PDFs, and slide decks, covering structure, reading order, alt text, and color contrast.

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Dwell Clicking

A click method where holding a pointer, cursor, or gaze still over a target for a set amount of time triggers a click, used by people who cannot physically press a mouse button.

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eMAG (Brazil)

Brazil's Modelo de Acessibilidade em Governo Eletrônico, a mandatory accessibility model for federal government websites, organized into 45 recommendations across six categories.

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Email Accessibility

Accessibility applied to marketing and transactional emails, covering semantic HTML structure, alt text on images, sufficient contrast, and compatibility with screen readers across email clients.

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EN 301 549

EN 301 549 is the European technical standard for ICT accessibility that both EU public-sector rules and the European Accessibility Act point to for their conformance requirements.

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Error Identification

Error identification is a WCAG requirement that when a form submission fails validation, the specific field and the nature of the error are clearly described in text, not just indicated by color.

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European Accessibility Act (EAA)

The European Accessibility Act (EAA) is the EU directive requiring accessible digital products and services from private businesses, including e-commerce, banking, and e-books, across all 27 member states.

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Eye Gaze Control

A broader term for operating a device primarily through eye movement, encompassing both cursor control and, in communication devices, direct selection of words or symbols by gaze.

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Eye-Tracking Technology

Assistive technology that lets a person control a computer or communication device by moving their eyes, tracked by a camera, instead of using a mouse or touch.

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Focus Indicator

A focus indicator is the visible outline, highlight, or other visual change that shows a keyboard user which element on the page currently has focus.

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Focus Order

Focus order is the sequence in which interactive elements receive keyboard focus as a user presses Tab, which should follow a logical, predictable path that matches the visual and reading order of the page.

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Focus Trap

A focus trap is a technique that keeps keyboard focus contained within an open modal dialog or menu, so pressing Tab cycles through only the elements inside it rather than escaping to content behind it.

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Form Label

A form label is the text identifying what a form field is for, programmatically associated with its input using the HTML label element or an ARIA labelling attribute, so screen reader users know what to enter.

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Graceful Degradation

A development approach that builds the full-featured experience first, then ensures it degrades to a still-usable, if reduced, experience when a browser or assistive technology lacks full support.

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Head Pointer / Head Tracking

An assistive input method that translates head movement, tracked by a camera or worn sensor, into cursor movement, giving hands-free pointer control.

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Heading Hierarchy

Heading hierarchy is the logical, sequential structure of a page's h1 through h6 tags, which screen reader users rely on as a navigable outline of the page, similar to a document's table of contents.

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Heuristic Accessibility Evaluation

An expert manual review of a site against established accessibility best practices and known usability patterns, rather than against a specific numbered checklist of WCAG criteria alone.

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High Contrast Mode

An operating system or browser setting that overrides a site's colors with a simplified, high-contrast palette to make text and interface elements easier to distinguish.

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